The dawes act stipulated that the allotments of land would be held in trust by the government for 25 years. The gradual civilization act is passed by the province of canada to encourage assimilation of indigenous peoples to eurocanadian values. The gradual civilization act assimilated indigenous people into settler society by enfranchising male first nations men over twentyone years of age who voluntarily relinquished their indian benefits in order to participate in broader canadian life. The gradual civilization act, passed in 1857, sought to assimilate indian people into. The gradual civilization act, the treaty system, and other pre and postconfederation laws have been heavily criticized for their coercive nature, inherent racism and lack of regard for the sovereignty of indigenous peoples, who were widely diverse in their political, economic and culture practices across the continent. This is due the fact that the indian act not only added a few more regulations that controlled the aboriginals, but it also solidified more power to the two gradual civilization act and the gradual enfranchisement act by forcing the enfranchisement of the aboriginals who, for example, served in the canadian army or gained an university. Residential schools in canada research paper cultural annihilation for over 150 years with little opposition. The gradual civilization act was the canadian governments attempt to assimilate the aboriginals into the canadian society in. Act to encourage the gradual civilization of indian tribes in this province, and to amend the laws relating to indians. An act for the gradual enfranchisement of indians michel first nation. Gradual civilization act 1857 by prezi user on prezi.
Gradual civilization act the canadian encyclopedia 2019. Enfranchisement was a key feature of the canadian federal governments assimilation policies regarding aboriginal peoples. The gradual civilization act university of alberta faculty of law blog. Gender and the law exam notes act for the gradual civilization of the indian tribes january 12. The indian act came to be developed over time through separate pieces of colonial legislation regarding aboriginal peoples across canada such as the gradual civilization act of 1857 and the. Lastly, natives under the age of 18 would receive 40 acres each. The purpose of the act, according to those that wrote it, was simple. Gradual civilization act the canadian encyclopedia. The following practice test is the third one of the extra practices.
Whereas it is desirable to encourage the progress of civilization among the indian tribes in this province, and the gradual removal of all. Marys mission indian residential school, mission, and presbyterian coqualeetza indian residential school, chilliwack, first residential. Commonly referred to as the gradual civilization act, this statute was the first to introduce the concept of enfranchisement or the process by which. The act allowed individuals to give up their indian status and acquire the legal status of european canadiansso long as they were deemed persons of good character by a board of eurocanadian examiners. But many standards were set in order for this to happen. Gradual civilization act indian act it is clearly our wisdom and our dutyto prepare the red man for a higher civilization report on industrial schools for indians and halfbreeds if anything is to be done with the indian, we must catch him very young.
When the gradual civilization act first enacted in 1876, it contained a number of restrictions that would be considered archaic by todays standards. The gradual civilization act of 1857 began the involvement of the federal government in the education of first nations people. Key moments in indigenous history amazon web services. The act required male indians and metis over the age of 21 to read, write and speak either english or french and to choose an approved surname by which they would be legally recognized. The gradual civilization act, as it came to be known, was part of a state effort to use government policy to assimilate indigenous peoples to the economic and social customs of european settler society. Though we know that the damage was caused by many aboriginal people, as a result of residential schools. Gradual civilization is an act to encourage indian tribes to amend the laws relating to indians in upper canada passed by the fifth. An act to encourage the gradual civilization of the indian. The act to encourage the gradual civilization of indians was commonly known as the gradual civilization act. The indian act does not contain any laws that apply to matrimonial real property mrp on reserve land. They have been added to assist the reader with difficult words. Extra practice test 3free citizenship testdiscover canada. This war was called pontiacs rebellion, but the british defeated indians in less than a. An act for the gradual enfranchisement of indians, the better management of indian affairs, and to extend the provisions of the act.
All the questions are set to help you learn about canada and efficiently prepare for the real canadian citizenship test because in order to become a canadian citizen, passing this test is mandatory. Gradual civilization act in 1857, an act for the gradual enfranchisement of indians in 1869 and the indian act in 1876 that entrenched sexbased discrimination against first nations women. An act for the gradual enfranchisement of indians, the better. It provided for the voluntary enfranchisement freedom from indian status of individuals of good character as determined by a board of examiners. The act was first passed in 1876 as a consolidation of various laws concerning indigenous peoples enacted by the separate colonies of british north america prior to canadian confederation, most notably the gradual civilization act passed by the parliament of the province of canada in 1857 and the gradual enfranchisement act of 1869.
Tribes in this province, and to amend the laws respecting. The act introduced several policies and regulations for the supervision of the indigenous peoples of canada, notably. While the government of canada enforced attempts of assimilation and cultural genocide such as. It all started on the grounds of upper canada, when the indian tribes decided to change the rules. For the adults, laws like the gradual civilization act, which gave some land and money to any indigenous person willing to farm on the land, attempted to make first nations people act and live. Another important statute was an act to encourage the gradual civilization of indian tribes in this province, and to amend the laws relating to indians, passed by the province of canada in 1857. The act was passed by the parliament of canada under the. Indian point of view when the british soldiers stayed in the ohio river valley, the indians wanted them to leave. Laforest and corry mac nason for department of indian and northern develomentindian land administration and policy in ontario upper canada 17911867 september 1979 p 96. Ebook or pdf edited book email encyclopedia article.
Chronicle of canadian aboriginal policy, 1828 to 1876. Enfranchisement is a legal process for terminating a persons indian status and conferring full canadian citizenship. Few take the offer, in part because it means banning hereditary chiefdoms and other forms. Minors or white men 33a the gradual enfranchisement act. Essay on the indian act of canada 1240 words bartleby. The gradual civilization act sought to assimilate indigenous peoples. Voluntary enfranchisement was introduced in the gradual civilization act of 1857 and was based on the. The gradual civilization act is passed by the legislature of upper canada. Indigenous men over 21 and sufficiently advanced in their education can be enfranchised and given 50 acres of land. Dawes act constitution of united states of america 1789. The gradual enfranchisement act long name an act for the gradual enfranchisement of indians, the better management of indian affairs, and to extend the provisions of the act 31st victoria, chapter 42 was an 1869 act of the 1st canadian parliament of the parliament of canada. The dawes act stated that the head of family shall receive 160, while single persons or orphans under the age of 18 were granted 80 acres. Gradual civilization act of 1857 and the gradual enfranchisement act of. An ottawa chief named pontiac led the natives in a war against the british.
The gradual civilization act was a bill passed by the 5th parliament of the province of canada. Pennsylvania an act for the gradual abolition of slavery, 1780 section 1. View notes chronology of events from indg 2255h at trent university. See also the gradual civilization act of 1857, christian aboriginal infrastructure developments, 3. An act to encourage the gradual civilization of the indian tribes in this province, and to amend the laws respecting indians. Gradual civilization act, 1857, passed, applying in the provinces of both upper and lower canada. The indian act is a combination of multiple legislations regarding the aboriginal people who reside across canada, such as the gradual civilization act of 1857 and the gradual enfranchisement act of 1869 hanson, n. The impact of immigration immigration had an enormous impact on. Pennsylvania an act for the gradual abolition of slavery. Keep practicing as long as you are 100% correct with your answer. Chronology of events chronology of events genocide in.
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